The Upper Mustang Trek—often called Nepal’s Last Forbidden Kingdom—leads you beyond the usual trails into a high-altitude desert shaped by wind, time, and deep culture and tradition. Starting at Kagbeni, gateway to Upper Mustang, the path threads past ochre cliffs, eroded canyons, and sculpted rock walls with distant views of the Dhaulagiri and Annapurna ranges. Monasteries, ancient cave complexes, and walled Lo-Manthang reveal a living Tibetan heritage, while traditional villages—including the intriguing towns of Yara and Ghara, where some matriarchal customs persist—offer a rare window into daily life on the Trans-Himalayan plateau.
Upper Mustang weather is drier than much of Nepal thanks to the rain shadow; spring (Mar–May) and autumn (Sep–Nov) usually bring the clearest skies and most comfortable temperatures, the monsoon is comparatively dry yet windy and dusty, and winter is cold with occasional snow and strong afternoon winds. Most trekkers keep nights between roughly 3,000–3,800 m, with day passes a little higher, so steady pacing and acclimatization are important.

A typical Upper mustang trek itinerary runs 12–14 days. Many travelers choose the classic Upper mustang trek from Kathmandu by flying or driving to Pokhara, then flying to Jomsom and walking to Kagbeni. The core Upper mustang trek route goes Kagbeni → Chele → Syangboche → Ghami → Tsarang → Lo-Manthang, with time for side trips to Chhoser’s caves and Ghar Gompa (Lo Gyaker). Returns often follow Dhakmar and Chele, or make a scenic detour via Yara–Ghara–Tangge–Chhusang. Depending on start/finish points, jeep transfers, and side trips, the Upper mustang trek distance typically falls in the 100–160 km range. Carry a reliable Upper mustang trek map (paper + offline GPS) to follow old footpaths that avoid newly built jeep tracks where possible.

Your Upper mustang trek cost depends on duration, group size, season, transport (jeep segments vs. flights), lodging and meals, and what’s included (licensed guide, porter services, permits, and transfers). Note that Upper Mustang is a restricted area: a registered trekking agency, a licensed guide, and specific permits (plus ACAP) are required, which is why prices vary more than in non-restricted regions. Even with new roads linking some settlements, the experience remains authentic if you and your guide use foot-only sections and time your days to explore monasteries, villages, and viewpoints rather than ride between them.

In short, the Upper Mustang Trek pairs stark, beautiful landscapes with living history. With a thoughtful Upper mustang trek itinerary, a clear route on a good map, realistic expectations about weather, distance, and cost, and a knowledgeable local team, you’ll witness a rare Himalayan culture while walking through one of Nepal’s most mesmerizing regions.
Join the Himalayan Dream Team for the Mustang Tiji Festival Trekking 2025 and 2026 and Mustang Tiji Festival Jeep Tour in 2025 and 2026. This unique adventure offers a comfortable and exciting way to experience the vibrant Tiji Festival, famous for its colorful masked dances and traditional music. As you travel through ancient villages and stunning landscapes, you'll immerse yourself in the rich culture and breathtaking beauty of the region.
| Day | Itinerary |
|---|---|
| Day 1 | Arrival in Kathmandu and transfer to the hotel |
| Day 2 | Sightseeing in Kathmandu and trekking preparation |
| Day 3 | Drive to Pokhara |
| Day 4 | Flight to Jomsom (30 mins) and drive to Kagbeni (40 mins) |
| Day 5 | Trek to Chele |
| Day 6 | Trek to Ghiling via Ranchung Cave Monastery |
| Day 7 | Trek from Ghiling to Drakmar |
| Day 8 | Trek to Lo-Manthang via Ghar Gompa and Chogo La Pass |
| Day 9 | Exploration day at Lo-Manthang |
| Day 10 | Trek to Tsarang |
| Day 11 | Trek to Syangmochen |
| Day 12 | Trek to Chhusang and drive to Jomsom |
| Day 13 | Fly to Pokhara |
| Day 14 | Drive (or optional fly) to Kathmandu |
| Day 15 | Transfer to international airport in Kathmandu |
For centuries, Upper Mustang was part of the ancient Lo Kingdom, closely tied to Tibetan culture. Lo-Manthang, its capital, still showcases the grandeur of medieval times with palaces, monasteries, and festivals. The people of Mustang follow Tibetan Buddhism, and traditions here remain largely untouched by modern influence. Travelers can witness sacred rituals, masked dances, and a way of life that has survived in one of the harshest environments on Earth.
The Upper Mustang Trek is considered a moderate trek, suitable for trekkers with reasonable fitness.
Altitude: The trek reaches heights above 3,800m, but gradual ascents make acclimatization manageable.
Trail Conditions: Paths are dry and dusty with some steep climbs, but not technically difficult.
Daily Walking: Around 5–7 hours per day on average.
Preparation: Basic cardio fitness, hiking experience, and stamina are recommended.
This trek is less about high altitude challenges and more about cultural immersion and unique landscapes.
Spring (March–May): Clear skies, moderate temperatures, and the famous Tiji Festival in Lo-Manthang.
Summer/Monsoon (June–August): Unlike other parts of Nepal, Upper Mustang is a rain shadow region, making summer trekking possible.
Autumn (September–November): Stable weather, crisp views, and harvest season in villages.
Winter (December–February): Harsh and cold; not recommended for most trekkers.
Since Upper Mustang is a restricted area, special permits are required:
Restricted Area Permit (RAP): USD 500 per person for the first 10 days, then USD 50 per day.
Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP): USD 30 per person.
Trekkers’ Information Management System (TIMS): USD 20 per person.
A minimum of two trekkers with a registered trekking company guide is mandatory to enter Upper Mustang.
Accommodation: Primarily tea houses and lodges, offering simple rooms with twin beds. In Lo-Manthang, some guesthouses are more comfortable with attached bathrooms.
Food: Expect traditional Nepali meals like dal bhat, Tibetan dishes like thukpa and momo, as well as tea and butter tea. Some lodges serve Western food (pasta, pancakes), but the menu is limited compared to other trekking regions.
With new jeep roads linking parts of Mustang, travelers can now choose between trekking and a jeep tour.
Trekking: Offers an immersive cultural experience, closer interaction with locals, and gradual exploration of landscapes.
Jeep Tour: Suitable for those with limited time or physical challenges, allowing quicker access to Lo-Manthang and other villages.
Both options provide breathtaking views and cultural encounters, but trekking remains the most authentic way to discover Mustang.
The Tiji Festival is a three-day Buddhist celebration held annually in Lo-Manthang. It features vibrant masked dances, chants, and rituals symbolizing the victory of good over evil. The festival attracts both locals and trekkers from around the world.
2025 Dates: Mid-May
2026 Dates: Early May
Joining a Tiji Festival Trek or Jeep Tour allows travelers to combine cultural immersion with the breathtaking landscapes of Upper Mustang.
Lo-Manthang is the cultural heart of Upper Mustang. At 3,700 meters, this medieval walled city offers:
The King’s Palace
Ancient monasteries such as Jampa Lhakhang and Thubchen Gompa
Colorful prayer flags and chortens
Local markets and festivals
Exploring Lo-Manthang feels like traveling back in time, as its walls still protect centuries-old traditions.
Unlike green valleys of Everest or Annapurna, Upper Mustang has a desert-like terrain.
It offers a deep cultural journey into Tibetan Buddhist traditions.
The trek is possible even during the monsoon season due to its rain shadow location.
Lo-Manthang’s walled city and hidden caves make it unique compared to any other trek in Nepal.
Practice regular hikes carrying a backpack.
Do cardio exercises like cycling, running, or swimming.
Include strength training (squats, lunges, planks) to build stamina.
Acclimatize properly by walking at a steady pace and staying hydrated.
Essential gear includes:
Warm clothing (layers, down jacket, thermal wear)
Good trekking boots and socks
Sleeping bag (if traveling off-season)
Trekking poles
Sunglasses, sunscreen, and hat
Reusable water bottle and purification tablets
Personal first aid kit
Cash (ATMs are not available on the trail)
Altitude: While the trek doesn’t go extremely high (max ~4,200m), acclimatization is still important.
Safety: Always trek with a licensed guide. Trails can be dusty and remote.
Responsible Tourism: Respect local customs, use refillable bottles, and avoid plastic waste. Support local lodges and handicrafts.
If you have more time in Nepal, combine Upper Mustang with:
Everest Base Camp Trek – Everest Base Camp Trek is Nepal’s iconic trail.
Annapurna Circuit Trek – Annapurna Circuit Trek is Known for diverse landscapes and Thorong La Pass.
Muktinath Pilgrimage – A sacred site for Hindus and Buddhists.
Chitwan or Bardiya National Park – Wildlife safari with rhinos, elephants, and Bengal tigers.
Lumbini – The birthplace of Lord Buddha.
If you're interested in extending your stay in Nepal, consider pre-booking a day's sightseeing tour in the Kathmandu Valley or a multi-day excursion to the Wildlife Safari at Chitwan National Park or Bardiya National Park. Additionally, you can indulge in other exciting activities such as an Everest Base Camp Helicopter Tour, White Water Rafting in the Trishuli River, or visiting the birthplace of Buddha in Lumbini. For more information or to customize your adventure, please don't hesitate to reach out to our office. Let the Himalayan Dream Team make your Nepal experience unforgettable!
Himalayan Dream Team will pick you up at the international airport in kathmandu for your transfer to the hotel. As a welcome you will have a typical Nepalese dinner with some of the staff members. Learn about momo's and Dal bhat and do not forget to try our typical Nepalese drink with great mood of cheers.
Start your day with a delightful breakfast at the hotel before embarking on a tour of Kathmandu’s UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Swayambhunath (Monkey Temple): Our first stop is the ancient Swayambhunath Stupa, perched on a hilltop, offering breathtaking panoramic views of Kathmandu. This sacred site is a beautiful symbol of faith for both Buddhists and Hindus.
Pashupatinath Temple: Next, we visit Pashupatinath, Nepal’s most sacred Hindu temple and cremation site. Here, you can witness and photograph traditional Hindu rituals along the Bagmati River, immersing yourself in the local spiritual life.
Kathmandu Durbar Square: After a delicious lunch, we head to Kathmandu Durbar Square, a historic site showcasing stunning Newari architecture. Enjoy a photo session with locals in traditional attire or Hindu holy men (Sadhus), perfect for capturing unique and memorable portraits.
Vegetable and Spice Markets: End the day with a visit to the bustling vegetable and spice markets. Capture dynamic street photography of vibrant colors, energetic atmosphere, and diverse faces, providing a glimpse into everyday life in Kathmandu.
After breakfast you will drive by tourist bus to Nepal's most enchanting city, Pokhara (200km). On the route we will see more of the amazing countryside of Nepal that offers greeneries, rivers, villages, farms and beautiful mountain sceneries. In the afternoon, we will arrive. The city is famous for its magnificent views of Dhaulagiri, Manaslu, Machhapuchhare, the five peaks of Annapurna. It is the starting point for all the adventurous trekkings. Pokhara is also called the city of lakes and has numerous beautiful lakes. You can explore the most accessible and beautiful of it, Fewa Lake during the afternoon -also by taking a boat. Explore, relax and dine by this tranquil Lake Fewa. You can even do some shopping during evening hours in the colorful streets alongside the lake.
In the early morning, we drive to the domestic airport and embark on a scenic flight across the Himalayas to Jomsom, the district headquarters of the Mustang Region. Here, we commence our journey either on foot or by vehicle, as this is the starting point of the Upper Mustang Trek and where you'll also meet the rest of the trekking staff. Along our initial easy trail, we are greeted by the breathtaking peaks of Nilgiri, Dhaulagiri, Tukuche Peak, and Dhampus until we reach Kagbeni, a typical Tibetan village marking the entry point to Upper Mustang.
Our journey starts with the usual permit check up and then we are really off onwards to the riverbank of Kaligandaki. During this walk we will stop at scenic picturesque places along the sandy and windy trails. First we reach the village of Tangbe with its narrow alleys amongst white washed houses, fields of buckwheat, barley, wheat and apple orchards. From there we trek forward to Chhusang and after crossing the river head up till we see the huge red chunk of conglomerate , that once broke from the cliff above, and now forming a tunnel through which the Kaligandaki flows. We head on over small ridges to arrive in Chele.
Morning after breakfast, we leave the village and climb up the unstable pebble road and will come to a plateau. We keep climbing the gentle slope and enter an area with the big canyons. We follow the trail that cut out of the cliff and after passing the canyons we will reach a small pass. Then, we move to a gentle mountain flank and continue the slightly descent and will reach Samar village surrounded by a poplar grove. We will have our lunch here. After lunch, we descend steeply to a stream, then climb up and descend steeply to another stream, then climb up to a plateau. We keep climbing up the right fork to the Chungsi-La and countering through the amazing canyons until reaching Ranchung Cave whose large stalactites resemble Rangchung (self-arisen; ie not man-made) chhorten. The Buddhist saint Guru Rinpoche is said to have meditated here in 8th century during his traveling in Mustang. Himalayan griffons nest in the surrounding cliffs. After visiting the cave, we climb gradually past pasture to Syangmochen. Again we climb up to a small pass where there is a colorfully painted square chhorten. We will see a large valley of Ghiling spreading out in front of us. We continue descending to the right towards Ghiling, cross a stream and move on along the stone walls in the farm fields. Here is two ancient monasteries and big huge chhortens and we will visit in the evening.
In the morning after breakfast, we walk through the big village and climb up the gentle slope with shrubberies and will join in mail trail. From here, a long ascent continues to Nyi-La. When we cross over this pass, we will enter the center of the Mustang, which used to be called the Lo Region. We descend the gentle slope and go around the valley ahead towards the left. We will be overlooking Ghami village and we descend steep zigzag slope and will reach the village. We will have our lunch here. After lunch, we leave the village and cross a river using the suspension bridge. We climb onto the terrace and pass along the longest Mani Wall in Mustang. The effect of the erosion on the cliff ahead attracts attention by its strange forms and the varieties of colors such as red, blue, white, etc. it is like a Mandala painted on the cliff. We keep going in level trail passing the big chhortens and cross a stream. Then, we keep walking along the upstream through the terraced fields until reaching Drakmar.
After breakfast, we leave the village and climb a steep gully that leads to alpine meadows and a plateau. The trail crosses a valley to a ridge and then descends to Ghar Gompa (Lo Gyaker), one of the oldest monasteries in Mustang, linked to the Nyingma tradition. After visiting the Gompa, we descend to a wooden bridge and climb up again to a plateau. From there, we walk through a grassy valley and continue gradually towards Chogo La Pass, the highest point of this route. After crossing the pass, the trail descends past cairns and ridges, giving the first views of Lo-Manthang. Finally, we follow herders’ trails until reaching the ancient walled city of Lo-Manthang.
Today, we will acclimatize and immerse ourselves in the wonders of Lo-Manthang, a historic gem located about 50 kilometers from the Tibetan border. Historically, it served as the central trading hub for salt and textiles between Nepal and Tibet, with mules still used to transport goods from Tibet.
The city is renowned for its impressive 6-meter high wall, which encloses a captivating array of cultural and religious landmarks. The fortified city boasts beautiful towers at each corner, adding to its charm and historical significance.
Key landmarks within Lo-Manthang include the Thubchen Monastery, the King's Palace, a museum, the Jampa Monastery, and traditional Thangka painting workshops. Approximately 900 Lo families reside here, maintaining a close-knit community that follows the Bonpo form of Tibetan Buddhism, marrying within their community and rarely migrating elsewhere.
Remarkably, Lo-Manthang remained closed to outsiders until the 1990s. Even now, access is limited to 1000 visitors per year, with entry permitted only through authorized trekking agencies. After a day of exploration and absorbing the unique culture of Lo-Manthang, we will return to our accommodations for a well-deserved rest.
In the morning after breakfast, we leave the castle village of Lo-Manthang and cross a small stream. Then, we gradually climbing steep sandy slope until Lo-La Pass from where we see the last view of ancient wall city of Lo-Manthang. We keep walking across the wide plain ahead with viewing the numerous caves on the terrace’s rock face. We continue the trail passing the big isolated chhorten that marks the boundary between Lo-Manthang and Tsarang till Tsarang Khola. We cross by an iron bridge and climb up until reaching Tsarang Village. We will have our lunch. After lunch, we visit the huge five-storey white Tsarang Palace (fortified palace) and the 14th century Gompa are perched on the edge of Kaligandaki gorgr at the eastern end of the village
Morning after breakfast, we start our trek from our camp site and exit from the village passing huge chhorten. The trail goes a long gentle ascent until reaching to a ridge and after traverse the route down a rocky gully until reaching in Ghami passing again spectacular Mani Wall in Nepal. We will have our lunch here. After lunch, the trails continue steep up till Ghami-La and again a long gentle ascent brings to us on Nyi-La. Then, we climb down to Tamagaon and continue a steep set of switchbacks down a rocky canyon leads to a stream, then the trail climbs to a huge painted chhorten before rejoining the Ghiling trail near the ridge. We cross the small pass and descend to a Syangmochen.
In the morning after breakfast, we walk short level trail and steep climb up until reaching Yamdo-La. Then, we slightly climb down to Bhena. After passing the hamlets, namely Yamdo and Bhena, a long descent start to Samar crossing small streams. We will have our lunch here. After lunch, we continue the trail passing the big canyons and we reach in Tsaile. After that, we steep descend to the Kaligandaki River and cross by an iron bridge, then continue the trail along the Kaligandaki River until reaching Chhusang and drive to Jomsom.
After breakfast, we head to the airport for our flight back to Pokhara. This 30-minute scenic journey flies between the towering Annapurna and Dhaulagiri mountains. Upon landing in Pokhara, our guide will take us to a lakeside hotel. There, we'll relax by the lake and reflect on the incredible memories from our trek.
There is a choice between a 25-minute flight to Kathmandu or, we start our 200 kilometers drive by tourist bus back to Kathmandu. In both cases you can enjoy the scenery, but from the car you will witness the beauty of Nepali nature far more better when you drive along the Trisuli river. On arrival in Kathmandu, you will be transferred to your hotel.
After breakfast or lunch, depending on your flight time, we will transfer you to the international airport or if you leave by evening, you can put your luggage at the Hotel and enjoy the city one final day
The Upper Mustang Trek explores the former Kingdom of Lo, offering a stark desert landscape, deep canyons, and an ancient Tibetan culture largely preserved due to its historical isolation.
This trek is considered moderate. It doesn’t involve high altitudes as most of the trek is below 4,000 meters, but the terrain can be rough and windy.
You need a special Restricted Area Permit for Upper Mustang, which is more expensive than typical trekking permits, and an Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP).
Typically, the trek takes about 10 to 14 days, depending on the specific route and stops you choose to make.
The best time to visit Upper Mustang is from March to early November, with peak times during the dry and stable weather months of May, June, and September.
No, independent trekking is not allowed in Upper Mustang. You must be part of an organized group with a registered guide.
Key highlights include the walled city of Lo Manthang, ancient monasteries like Lo Gekar and Thubchen, stunning views of Nilgiri and Dhaulagiri, and the Tiji Festival in May.
Accommodations are generally basic teahouses. Facilities are simpler compared to popular treks in the Annapurna or Everest regions.
The food on the trek is mostly simple Tibetan and Nepalese fare, including items like dal bhat (lentils and rice), Tibetan bread, and noodles.
Pack for varied weather conditions: warm layers, a good quality sleeping bag, sturdy boots, a windbreaker, a sun hat, sunscreen, and a water purification system.
The cost varies significantly based on the number of days, the group size, and whether you hire porters. Expect to spend anywhere from $100 to $200 per day due to the higher permit costs.
Respect local customs by dressing modestly, removing shoes before entering monasteries, and not photographing people without permission.
The trek involves moderate elevation gain, with Lo Manthang located at around 3,800 meters above sea level.
Engage in regular cardiovascular training like running, cycling, and hiking. Practice hiking on uneven terrain to prepare for the trek’s demands.
While the risk is lower than other high-altitude treks in Nepal, mild altitude sickness is possible. It’s important to acclimatize properly and stay hydrated.
Enjoy the popular trekking and tour packages in Nepal Himalayas. 2025.
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Perfect organisation of our trekking to Upper Mustang.
23rd April, 2024
Perfect organisation of our trekking to Upper Mustang. Many thanks for Indira for making our experience possible. We had the best mountain guide Om with 3 marvellous porters Hera, Teak and Tom who helped us to finish the trekking. I would advise them to everybody. Namaste.
Mgrands
23rd April, 2024
Starting in KTM-Thamel (nice accomodation and cultural activities). Very well planned trekkings with good, helpfull guides through a beautiful country with lovely people. Overnight accomodation was quite allright, and very good on the Mustang trekking.
Sanne B
23rd April, 2024
We went with Indira's dream team to Mustang. It was an adventurous jeepttrek trough beautiful landscapes and long forgotten villages. The culture we met was wonderfull.
Our guide and driver knew lot about the region an did their best to show us as much as possible.
Also in the kathmandu-valley we had an amazing guide and driver who knew a lot about the history and culture the Newari.
Thank you himalayan dreamteam!
Silva T
24th April, 2024
Himalayan Dream Team organised a perfect trekking to Upper Mustang for us. Super friendly staff, and a super committed crew. They were so helpful! Helping us with everything - from arranging our meals and drinks to helping us cross steep slopes and wild rivers. As our head porter said: "We are family now", and that's exactly how it felt. A big heartfelt thanks to Indira, Om, Thakur and the rest of the crew.
Heidi Kesteloot
24th April, 2024
Last year, we embarked on an unforgettable Upper Mustang trip organized by the Belgium agency My Himalaya in collaboration with Himalayan Dream Team Treks and Tours in Nepal. The trip was impeccably organized, and we were delighted with the attentive care provided by our guide, Mr. Hem Loppa, and Khem Thapa. Their expertise and dedication ensured our journey was both safe and enriching. We are grateful for the exceptional experience and look forward to our next adventure with you.